Brain & Mood

Akkermansia muciniphila is a gut bacterium that naturally inhabits the mucus layer lining the intestine and has attracted substantial scientific interest as a potential next-generation probiotic.

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly Lactobacillus plantarum) is a well-characterized lactic acid bacterium found across fermented foods, the human gut, and diverse environmental niches.

Bifidobacterium longum is a well-characterized commensal species found throughout the human gut, with a particularly studied role in early-life microbiome establishment.

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, most widely studied as the GG strain, has an extensive research record, though the evidence base in this index is predominantly in vitro and animal-model work.

Lactobacillus acidophilus is one of the most studied lactic acid bacteria, with research dating back decades documenting its ability to survive the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, including acid and bile …

Bifidobacterium breve is a species commonly found in the human gut, particularly in breastfed infants, where it plays a role in fermenting complex carbohydrates including human milk oligosaccharides.

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is one of the most extensively studied probiotic strains globally, though the papers linked to this strain entry focus primarily on encapsulation technology and formulation stability…

Lactobacillus casei (species-level entry, undesignated strain) is a broadly studied lactic acid bacterium encountered across fermented dairy and non-dairy foods.

Lactobacillus helveticus is a lactic acid bacterium widely used in dairy fermentation and probiotic applications.

Lactobacillus brevis is a heterofermentative lactic acid bacterium widely distributed in fermented food environments.

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a butyrate-producing commensal bacterium that is among the most abundant in a healthy human gut and has attracted significant research interest as a potential next-generation probiotic.

Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (the species, without a designated strain identifier) is a broadly distributed lactic acid bacterium found in fermented foods and the human gut.

Bifidobacterium infantis is an anaerobic bacterium native to the infant gut microbiota.

Clostridium butyricum is a spore-forming anaerobic bacterium capable of producing butyric acid through fermentation.

Lactobacillus johnsonii is a facultative anaerobic lactic acid bacterium originally isolated from the human vaginal microbiota.

Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (formerly Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938) has been studied in multiple randomized controlled trials and at least one published meta-analysis examining infantile colic, episodes of p…

Streptococcus iniae is a fish pathogen primarily associated with disease in farmed and wild fish, particularly tilapia, and is recognized as a zoonotic agent — it has caused invasive infections in humans who handle fish,…

Lacticaseibacillus casei (species-level entry, no specific strain designation) is a broad species grouping that includes well-studied commercial strains such as L.

Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is a non-pathogenic E.

Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is a dominant member of the healthy human gut microbiome and one of the most extensively studied gut commensal bacteria.

Bacteroides uniformis is a common anaerobic bacterium of the human gut microbiome, and a specific strain (CECT 7771) has attracted research interest for its metabolic effects in animal models.

Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 is most often studied in combination with Bifidobacterium longum R0175, a pairing investigated in the context of the gut-brain axis (the bidirectional communication network linking intestin…

Bifidobacterium longum R0175 is most commonly studied as part of a combination formula with Lactobacillus helveticus R0052, and several RCTs using this pair have examined anxiety and psychological well-being in healthy a…

Bifidobacterium bifidum is a species naturally present in the human gut, particularly abundant in breastfed infants, where it plays a role in fermenting complex carbohydrates, including human milk oligosaccharides and ce…